AC Joint Separation

An AC joint separation is an injury to the ligaments connecting the clavicle to the acromion and coracoid.

An AC joint separation is an injury to the ligaments connecting the clavicle to the acromion and coracoid. It usually occurs after a direct fall onto the shoulder and ranges from a mild sprain to major displacement of the collarbone relative to the shoulder blade.

Most AC injuries, including many visibly displaced separations, recover good function without surgery. Treatment depends on the direction and degree of displacement, pain, horizontal and vertical instability, occupation, sport, cosmetic concerns, and response to rehabilitation.

Dr. Knudsen evaluates the injury with examination and X-rays, including comparison or stress views when useful. Nonsurgical care includes a sling for comfort, early motion, and progressive strengthening. Surgery may be considered for selected unstable high-grade injuries or persistent pain and dysfunction after rehabilitation. Reconstruction can be performed acutely or later if symptoms remain unacceptable.

This information is educational and is not a substitute for an individualized medical evaluation. Written and medically reviewed by Michael L. Knudsen, MD | Last reviewed: July 2026